Conditions We Treat

Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

A slow-growing blood cancer that often needs monitoring rather than immediate treatment.

Overview

What is CLL?

Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is a slow-growing cancer of B-lymphocytes, a type of white blood cell. It is one of the most common leukaemias in adults and is frequently discovered by chance when a blood test shows a raised lymphocyte count.

Many people with CLL feel completely well and never need treatment, or do not need it for many years. When treatment is required, modern targeted therapies are highly effective.

Symptoms

How it can present

In its early stages CLL often causes no symptoms at all. As it progresses, some people notice:

Swollen lymph nodes
Tiredness
More frequent infections
Night sweats or unintentional weight loss

Diagnosis

How it's diagnosed

CLL is usually confirmed with a blood test called flow cytometry, alongside a full blood examination and a blood film. Additional tests can provide prognostic information that helps predict how the CLL is likely to behave and guides the timing and choice of any treatment.

Treatment

How it's treated

For many people with early, symptom-free CLL, the best approach is careful monitoring — often called ‘watch and wait’. Starting treatment earlier does not help in this situation. When treatment is needed, modern targeted tablets and immunotherapy have largely replaced traditional chemotherapy and are very effective.

Connected to leading public hospital care

We are linked with major public hospital haematology services in Melbourne’s west and can expedite access to public hospital treatment where appropriate — so you receive the latest expert care and multidisciplinary input, with access to clinical trials of emerging therapies where suitable. Private management is also available if you prefer a shorter wait or a particular setting.

When to refer

When to see a haematologist

Raised lymphocyte count

A persistently high lymphocyte count on blood testing.

Confirming the diagnosis

To confirm CLL and establish a monitoring plan.

New symptoms

Swollen nodes, infections or fatigue suggesting a change.

Common questions

Frequently asked

Do I need treatment straight away?

Often not. Many people with CLL are monitored rather than treated, sometimes for years. Treatment begins only when there are clear signs it is needed, and starting sooner is not beneficial.

Is CLL serious?

CLL behaves very differently from person to person. Many people have a slow-growing form that is well controlled for a long time. Assessment and monitoring help clarify what to expect in your case.

Do I need a referral?

Yes — a referral from your GP or specialist is needed for Medicare rebates.

Found to have a high lymphocyte count?

Ask your GP for a referral, or contact our rooms to arrange assessment and a monitoring plan in Footscray.

This page provides general information only and is not a substitute for individual medical advice. It should not be used to diagnose or treat a health problem. Please speak with your GP or haematologist about your own circumstances. Last reviewed August 2026.