Conditions We Treat

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP).

A low platelet count caused by the immune system — often very manageable once assessed.

Overview

What is ITP?

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a condition in which the immune system reduces the number of platelets in the blood. Platelets are the small cells that help blood to clot, so when levels fall low enough, bruising and bleeding become more likely.

In many people there is no obvious trigger; sometimes it follows a viral infection. ITP can be short-lived (particularly in children) or more persistent in adults, but even long-standing ITP can usually be managed well.

Symptoms

How it can present

Some people have no symptoms and ITP is found on a routine blood test. When symptoms occur they can include:

Easy or unexplained bruising
Petechiae — pinpoint red or purple spots, often on the lower legs
Nosebleeds or bleeding gums
Heavier menstrual periods
Rarely, more significant bleeding

Diagnosis

How it's diagnosed

ITP is largely a diagnosis of exclusion — meaning other causes of a low platelet count are ruled out first. Assessment usually includes a full blood examination, a blood film reviewed by a haematologist, and tests to exclude other causes.

Treatment

How it's treated

Not everyone with ITP needs treatment. If the platelet count is adequate and there is no bleeding, careful monitoring may be all that is required. When treatment is needed, options are chosen to suit the individual and can include:

Corticosteroids, usually as first-line treatment
Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) for a rapid, temporary rise in platelets
Second-line options such as thrombopoietin receptor agonists, rituximab, or occasionally splenectomy

The right approach depends on your platelet count, bleeding risk and personal circumstances, and is something we work through together.

When to refer

When to see a haematologist

New low platelets

A newly discovered low platelet count that needs explanation.

Bleeding or bruising

Symptoms suggesting the count is low enough to need treatment.

Guiding treatment

To confirm the diagnosis and plan management.

Common questions

Frequently asked

Is ITP serious?

It varies. Many people have mild ITP that needs only monitoring, while others need treatment to lift the platelet count. The risk depends on how low the count is and whether there is bleeding, which is why assessment matters.

Is ITP curable?

Many people improve, and in children it often resolves on its own. In adults it can be more persistent, but even long-standing ITP can usually be controlled effectively.

Do I need a referral?

Yes — a referral from your GP or specialist is needed to access Medicare rebates. Your GP can arrange initial blood tests and refer you.

Concerned about a low platelet count?

Ask your GP for a referral, or contact our rooms to arrange assessment in Footscray.

This page provides general information only and is not a substitute for individual medical advice. It should not be used to diagnose or treat a health problem. Please speak with your GP or haematologist about your own circumstances. Last reviewed August 2026.